Beeching Reversal – Consett-Newcastle Connection
This is one of the Beeching Reversal projects that the Government and Network Rail are proposing to reverse some of the Beeching cuts. There used to be a direct line between Newcastle and Consett, which was the Derwent Valley Railway, which connected Consett to the Tyne Valley Line.
I would assume that the basis of the plan, is to reinstate this route and build a new station at Consett.
The Former Route
I will show the route starting from the Tyne Valley Line.
Connection To The Tyne Valley Line
This Google Map shows the MetroCentre with the Tyne Valley Line running along its North side.
Note.
- The River Tyne running along the North side of the map.
- MetroCentre station on the Tyne Valley Line is by the North-East corner of the MetroCentre.
- The River Derwent meanders its way to the River Tyne, to the West of the MetroCentre.
- The Derwent Valley Line used to come through this area to join the Tyne Valley Line.
I have a feeling that much of the route of the Derwent Valley Line lies under the new roads.
This map clipped from the Wikipedia entry for the Derwent Valley Line, shows how, the line connected to the Tyne Valley Line.
This Google Map shows the area.
Note.
- The Scotswood Railway Bridge is the dark-coloured bridge in the North-West corner of the map.
- The Tyne Valley Line runs East-West across the map.
- Swalwell station must have been in the area of the junction on the A1.
As the old route appears to be blocked, another route must be found to connect to the Tyne Valley Line.
Perhaps there would be enough space to squeeze a railway line alongside the River Derwent.
Between Swalwell And Nine Arches Viaduct
The Nine Arches Viaduct is an iconic feature of the line. This image of the bridge was taken from a Google Map.
This second image shows it as a map.
Note that I have arranged the map, so that the path that uses the route of the Derwent Valley Line runs between the South-West and North-East corners of the map.
This third Google Map has the Nine Arches Viaduct in the South-West corner and Swalwell in the North-East corner.
Note the tadpole-shaped green space by the bridge.
Between Nine Arches Viaduct and Lintz Green
This Google Map shows this section.
Note.
- The Nine Arches Viaduct is in the North-East corner.
- Lintz Green is in the South West corner.
On the Derwent Valley Railway, there were stations at Lintz Green and Rowlands Gill.
The History section in the Wikipedia entry for the Derwent Valley Railway, explains why a more direct route wasn’t taken in this area.
Between Lintz Green And Ebchester
This Google Map shows this section.
Note.
Lintz Green is at the Eastern edge of the map.
Ebchester is in the South-West corner.
On the Derwent Valley Railway, there were stations at High Westwood and Ebchester.
Between Ebchester and Consett
This Google Map shows this section.
Note.
- Ebchester is at the Northern edge of the map in the centre.
- Consett is in the South of the map.
- Shotley Bridge Hospital is an NHS hospital.
On the Derwent Valley Railway, there were stations at Shotley Bridge, Blackhill and Consett.
Consett Station
A new station would have to be built in Consett.
Consett is a town of around 25,000 and is shown in this Google Map.
Note that the red arrow shows the rough location of the original station near Annfield Plain. The station and the tracks were demolished in the 1980s to make way for new roads.
How thinking on transport has changed in forty years!
Is This Route Feasible?
Google gives the distance between the Metrocentre and Consett as 11.5 miles and Wikipedia says that Consett is about 900 feet above sea level.
To put the altitude into perspective, this is higher than Merthyr Tydfil, but not as high as Buxton, so I feel that trains could ascend to Consett, as steam trains did in far-off Victorian days, when they carried over half a million passengers every year, according to Wikipedia.
I would say, that although restoring the route could be challenging, it would not be filed under Impossible.
These are a few other thoughts.
Would The Route Carry Freight?
If we’re talking about long freight trains with lots of containers or many trucks of coal, the answer is probably a negative.
But rail freight is changing, I can see many towns in the UK getting a high speed parcels service using modified electric multiple units.
- Rail Operations Group and others are planning to experiment with this type of service.
- With on-line shopping, 25,000 residents can generate a lot of deliveries and returns.
- The average guy on the Consett omnibus, is getting more worried about carbon emissions.
But trains like these could fit in with the passenger service on the route and could even unload at a well-designed passenger terminal in Consett.
The route would also have to be able to take maintenance and construction trains, just like the London Underground and the Tyne and Wear Metro do!
Would The Route Be Single- Or Double-Track?
Consider.
- The original Victorian route was double-track.
- The more trains on the route, the greater the need for a full double-track railway.
- Would the Nine Arches Viaduct accommodate a double-track.
- Single-track railways are easier to construct and more affordable.
Hopefully a serious study, will give an answer.
How Would Trains Go Between MetroCentre and Newcastle Stations?
Currently, there are three trains per hour (tph) between MetroCentre and Newcastle stations.
The Tyne and Wear Metro generally runs on the principle of five tph, so a one or two tph service between Consett and Newcastle would fit in well with the Tyne and Wear Metro, even if it was not their service.
This Google Map shows MetroCentre station.
Could a third platform be fitted here to run a shuttle service to Consett?
Trains between MetroCentre and Newcastle stations, go via Dunston station, Norwood Junction and the King Edward VII Bridge.
Note.
- Norwood Junction also allows trains to go between The Tyne Valley Line and the East Coast Main Line in both North and South directions.
- The comprehensive track layout to the South of Newcastle allows access to everywhere.
The Consett trains could even be run on a Back-to-Back basis to Ashington and Blyth.
Would The Line Be Zero-Carbon?
I feel strongly, that all new or reopened railways should be zero-carbon.
But whether it should be electrified is another matter and depends on the rolling stock.
Battery Electric Trains To Consett
If the route to Consett is to be zero-carbon, then the obvious choice for the route are battery electric trains.
- To run these successfully, there would probably need to be some electrification along the Tyne Valley Line, as far as the junction with the new Derwent Valley Line, so trains started the climb to Consett with full batteries.
- If necessary, some parts of the Derwent Valley Line could be electrified, to assist the trains up the hill.
- Coming down from Consett, they could use Newton’s friend, with regenerative braking charging the batteries.
- Intriguingly, between MetroCentre and Hexham is under twenty miles, so why not run these services using similar battery electric trains.
I also think, that if the electrification were to be 25 KVAC, then it could enable battery electric trains like Hitachi’s Regional Battery Train or CAF’s proposed Class 331 train with batteries, to run between Newcastle and Carlisle stations.
The Tyne And Wear Metro’s New Trains
I believe that the new trains being built by Stadler for the Tyne and Wear Metro, will be very similar to the Class 777 trains for Merseyrail.
The Class 777 trains are known to have this features.
- A capacity of 484 passengers.
- An operating speed of 75 mph.
- A weight of 99 tonnes.
- Ability to use 750 VDC third-rail electrification.
- A small battery to be used for hotel power, when there is no electrification.
- Some will be fitted with batteries to allow route extension on unelectrified lines, like between Ormskirk and Preston, which is 15.3 miles.
- In the future, they will be able to use 25 KVAC overhead electrification.
The new Tyne and Wear trains appear to be different to the Class 777 trains in the following ways.
- A different length, with five cars instead of four.
- Ability to use 750 VDC overhead instead of 750 VDC third-rail electrification.
- Longitudinal instead of transverse seating.
These facts should also be born in mind.
Stadler built the Class 399 tram-trains for Sheffield, that can use both 750 VDC and 25 KVAC overhead electrification from the same pantograph.
Parts of the Tyne and Wear Metro use tram-train operation under the Karlsruhe model, which is also used in Sheffield.
Could The Tyne And Wear Metro’s New Trains Work Between Newcastle And Consett Stations?
I feel if the following conditions were to be met, that the Tyne And Wear Metro’s new trains, would be able to work the route.
- Batteries with sufficient range to work the route were fitted.
- Ability to use both 750 VDC and 25 KVAC overhead electrification.
- Sufficient electrification were erected to power the train and charge the batteries on their journey between Newcastle and MetroCentre stations.
It is my view, that the trains could be ideal for the route.
They could also work between Newcastle and Hexham, with slightly larger batteries than their Liverpool cousins.
What Size Batteries Would Be Needed For A Service To Consett?
I will do a calculation based on the Class 777 train figures.
- The train weight is 99 tonnes.
- Each of 484 passengers weighs 80 Kg with baggage, bikes and buggies.
- This adds up to 38.7 tonnes giving a train weight of 137.7 tonnes.
Using Omni’s Potential Energy Calculator gives a value of 103 kWh to lift the full train the 900 feet to Consett.
In an article in the October 2017 Edition of Modern Railways, which is entitled Celling England By The Pound, Ian Walmsley says this in relation to trains running on the Uckfield Branch, which is not very challenging.
A modern EMU needs between 3 and 5 kWh per vehicle mile for this sort of service.
The new Tyne and Wear Metro trains have five cars, so assuming 3 kWh per vehicle mile, would need the following energy to power the train to Consett.
5* 3 * 11.5 = 172.5 kWh
I wouldn’t be surprised to see a 400 kWh battery on the train.
On the flat, it would do about twenty-seven miles, which would mean the train could provide a service between Newcastle and Hexham.
Incidentally, the distance between Newcastle and Ashington is under twenty five miles of which a couple of miles are electrified.
Conclusion
Newcastle and Consett would appear to be an ideal route to reopen.
It would require.
- A dozen miles of new track. much of which would be on an dismantled alignment.
- An appropriate number of new stations.
- Some electrification between Newcastle and MetroCentre stations.
- A number of the new Stadler trains for the Tyne and Wear Metro to be fitted with batteries.
A service of one or two tph could be provided.
In addition, the following could be possible.
- The Newcastle and Hexham service could be run by the same battery electric trains.
- The Consett and Newcastle service could be run Back-to-Back with the proposed Newcastle and Ashington service.
This scheme has collateral benefits.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Train To Be Developed With EU Funding
The title of this post, is the same as that of this article on Railway Gazette.
This is the introductory paragraph.
The FCH2RAIL consortium’s €14m project to design, develop and test a prototype hydrogen fuelled train has been awarded a €10m grant from the European Commission’s Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Joint Undertaking as part of the Horizon 2020 Programme.
The FCH2RAIL consortium is led by CAF, who have a factory at Newport in South Wales.
CAF are actively working on a battery electric version of their Class 331 train for the UK, which I wrote about in Northern’s Battery Plans.
The battery electric Class 331 train will involve adding an extra car with batteries.
Will CAF be looking to apply this hydrogen technology developed from the FCH2RAIL programme on UK-sized trains?
They could add a fourth car to a Class 331 train with all the necessary hydrogen gubbins.
Reinstatement Of The Bury-Heywood-Rochdale Lines
This is one of the successful bids in the First Round of the Restoring Your Railway Fund.
This article on Rochdale OnLine is entitled Successful First Step To Restore Rochdale-Heywood-Bury Railway Line.
The work can now begin to fill out what is possible, with the award of funding from the Government to go towards a full study.
The funding was welcomed by Tony Lloyd, the MP for Rochdale, who is quoted as saying this.
Metrolink services and the rail service from Rochdale to Manchester provide transport to the city centre, but it does not provide the kind of connections we need to get around the city region, in particular, from Rochdale and Heywood to Bury.
“The current public transport offering between Heywood and Manchester city centre is provided by bus services but during the busiest times of the day this journey can take more than one hour, limiting the borough’s residents’ access to the many jobs located there.
What will the new rail link look like?
In Rossendale Reopening Prospect, I gave my views, based on an article in the February 2019 Edition of Modern Railways, which had the same title.
Summarising the other article, I can say the following.
The Track
I described the track like this.
The plan envisages reinstating the route between Rawtenstall and Castleton Junction on the Calder Valley Line.
The section between Rawtenstall and Heywood stations, via Bury Bolton Street station is the heritage line of the East Lancashire Railway (ELR). It is best described as predominately single-track with passing loops.
The route is about twelve miles long.
The Services
These are given as follows.
- Manchester Victoria and Bury Bolton Street
- Bury Bolton Street and Rochdale
- Bury Bolton Street and Rawtenstall – Peak Hour shuttle.
It is suggested that the third route would be run by the ELR.
The Stations
The following stations will be on the route.
Most will need updating, but Heywood would probably be a new station.
The Trains
The original article suggests Class230 trains, but several others are possible. The proposed battery-electric Class 331 train is surely a possibility.
Conclusion
This could be a very sensible scheme.
Northern’s Battery Plans
The title of this post, is half of the title of an article in the March 2020 Edition of Modern Railways.
It appears that CAF will convert some three-car Class 331 trains into four-car battery-electric trains.
- A three-car Class 331 train has a formation of DMSOL+PTS+DMSO.
- A fourth car with batteries will be inserted into the train.
- Batteries will also be added to the PTS car.
- The battery-electric trains would be used between Manchester and Windermere.
It looks like a round trip would take three hours including turnarounds, thus meaning three trains would be needed to run the service.
The article says this.
The branch was due to be electrified, but this was cancelled in 2017, and as a result 3×3-car Class 195 trains were ordered. As well as the environmental benefits, introduction of the battery ‘331s’ on Windermere services would free-up ‘195s’ for cascade elsewhere on the Northern network.
Note that the total length or the route is 98 miles of which only the ten miles of the Windermere Branch Line are not electrified.
What Battery Capacity Would Be Needed?
I reckon it will be fine to use a figure of 3 kWh per vehicle-mile to give a rough estimate of the power needed for a return trip from Oxenholme to indermere.
- Two x Ten Miles x Four Cars x 3 kWh would give 240 kWh.
- There would also be losses due to the seven stops, although the trains have regenerative braking, to limit losses.
Remember though that CAF have been running battery trams for several years, so I suspect that they have the experience to size the batteries appropriately.
In Thoughts On The Actual Battery Size In Class 756 Trains And Class 398 Tram-Trains, I say that four-car Class 756 trains will have 600 kWh of batteries and a range of 40 miles. I wouldn’t be surprised to find that a four-car Class 331 train had similar battery size and range on batteries, as the two trains are competing in the same market, with similar weights and passenger capacities.
Charging The Batteries
The Modern Railways article says this about charging the train’s batteries.
Northern believes battery power would be sufficient for one return trip along the branch without recharging, but as most diagrams currently involve two trips, provision of a recharge facility is likely, with the possibility that this could be located at Windermere or that recharging could take place while the units are in the platform at Oxenholme.
The bay platform 3 at Oxenholme station is already electrified, as this picture shows.
I particularly like Vivarail’s Fast Charge system based on third-rail technology.
A battery bank is connected to the third-rail and switched on, when the train is in contact, so that battery-to-battery transfer can take place.
It’s just like jump-starting a car, but with more power.
This form of charging would be ideal in a terminal station like Windermere.
- The driver would stop the train in Windermere station in the correct place, for passengers to exit and enter the train.
- In this position, the contact shoe on the train makes contact with the third-rail, which is not energised..
- The Fast Charge system detects a train is connected and connects the battery bank to the third-rail.
- Energy flows between the Fast Charge system’s battery bank and the train’s batteries.
- When the train’s batteries are full, the Fast Charge system switches itself off and disconnects the third-rail.
- The third-rail is made electrically dead, when the train has left, so that there is no electrical risk, if someone should fall from the platform.
Note that the only time, the third-rail used to transfer energy is live, there is a four-car train parked on top of it.
When I was eighteen, I was designing and building electronic systems using similar principles to control heavy rolling mills, used to process non-ferrous metals.
Changing Between Overhead Electrification And Battery Power
All trains running between Manchester Airport and Windermere, stop in Platform 3 at Oxenholme station to pick up and put down passengers.
- Trains going towards Windermere would lower the pantograph and switch to battery power.
- Trains going towards Mabchester Airport would raise the pantograph and switch to overhead electrification power.
Both changes would take place, whilst the train is stopped in Platform 3 at Oxenholme station.
The New Warrington West Station
These pictures show the new Warrington West station.
The station looks to have a similar layout to Maghull North station, which I described in Maghull North Station – 29th June 2018.
The two stations have a lot in common.
- The cutting and the contours of the land are used to create a simpler station.
- Provision for car-parking.
- Links to the bus network.
- Enough car-parking. Warrington West has 387 spaces, with 156 spaces at Maghull North.
- Fully step-free.
- A separate amenity building, with a booking office, waiting area and toilets.
Surprisingly, the two stations were designed by different architectural practices.
The Major Problem
The major problem is that Warrington West station only has two trains per hour (tph), in the Off Peak.
- The route connects Liverpool Lime Street to Manchester Airport and Manchester Oxford Road stations alternately.
- Manchester Airport services also call at Manchester Piccadilly station.
- All services call at Deansgate station for the Manchester Metrolink.
- There are links to Merseyrail’s Wirral Line at Liverpool Lime Street.
- There are links to Merseyrail’s Northern Line at Liverpool South Parkway and Hunts Cross.
- Liverpool South Parkway, Warrington West and Birchwood stations are already step-free.
- Hunts Cross, Irlam, and Manchester Oxford Road stations are in the queue for step-free access.
- Most of the services on Liverpool’s Merseyrail network have four tph.
- There is a lot of housing and other development on this route,
I’m sure that four tph and full step-free access will be needed on this route before too long.
Possible Electrification
It could be argued that this route between Liverpool Lime Street and Manchester Oxford Road stations, should be fully-electrified.
Currently, just over twenty-eight miles of the route between Manchester Oxford Road and Liverpool South Parkway stations is not electrified.
- Between Liverpool South Parkway and Liverpool Lime Street stations has 25 KVAC overhead electrification.
- Between Hunt’s Cross and Liverpool Central station is part of Merseyrail’s Northern Line and has 750 VDC third-rail electrification.
- Manchester Oxford Road station has 25 KVAC overhead electrification.
- The bay platform at Manchester Oxford Road station could be electrified or fitted with a fast charging station for battery trains.
- Battery trains can easily do forty miles after a charge of perhaps ten minutes, as I wrote in Retired London Underground Train Travels Forty Miles Solely On Battery Power.
I think, that the route between Manchester and Liverpool via Warrington is a very suitable route for running using battery-electric trains.
- It is electrified at both ends.
- The section without electrification is less than thirty miles.
- Charging can be performed using the existing electrification or with a charging station at Manchester Oxford Road station.
- Northern’s Class 331 trains, which are being built by CAF. I suspect that battery-electric versions are possible as CAF have successfully built battery-electric Urbos trams for Luxembourg, Seville and the West Midlands.
- Merseyrail’s new Class 777 trains, can be converted to battery-electric operation.
- The route is not busy.
- There aren’t many freight trains on the route.
Using battery-electric trains would probably cause a lot less disruption, than full electrification of the route.
Possible ways to increase trains on the route include.
- Merseyrail could extend Northern Line trains from Hunt’s Cross to Manchester Oxford Road.
- The Manchester Metrolink could even be connected to the route at somewhere near Pomona and run tram-trains to Liverpool.
- Northern could run battery-electric trains on the route.
There must also be the possibility of running hydrogen-powered trains on the route.
Negotiations between Liverpool and Manchester over who provides the extra services will be tough.
Conclusion
It is a neat new station, that will attract passengers.
The station could be an important link in improved rail services between Liverpool and Manchester via Warrington.
- This route could probably handle at least six tph in both directions.
- Would turning back four tph in the bay platform at Manchester Oxford Road station, ease the pressure on the Castlefield corridor.
- It serves the important stations of Liverpool Lime Street, Liverpool South Parkway, Manchester Oxford Road, Manchester Piccadilly and Manchester Airport.
- It connects Merseyrail’s to Northern and Wirral Lines and the Manchester Metrolink.
- An increasing number of stations on the route are step-free.
I suspect too, that it could be an important feeder line for High Speed Two.
Rochdale Still Doesn’t Have A Direct Link To Manchester Airport
The title of this post is the same as that of this article on Richdale Online.
I recently went to Rochdale to see Ipswich play and what surprised me about the town, was how far it was from my hotel close to Manchester Victoria station.
I went on a tram and it took over an hour and it was also very crowded.
I then walked about a mile to the football ground. Luckily a friendly Rochdale supporter showed me the way.
But is Rochdale’s link to Manchester Airport, any worse than say Walthamstow’s link to Heathrow or Gatwick.
- Rochdale Town Centre to Manchester Airport by train – 1:05
- Rochdale Town Centre to Manchester Airport by tram – 2:02
- Rochdale Station to Manchester Airport by train – 0,:55
- Rochdale to Manchester Airport by taxi- 0:27
- Walthamstow Central to Heathrow Airport by Underground and Heathrow Express – 1:05
- Walthamstow Central to Heathrow Airport by Underground – 1:27
- Walthamstow to Heathrow Airport by taxi – 1:27
- Walthamstow Central to Gatwick Airport by train – 1:22
Note.
- All journeys, except the taxis, need at least one change.
- My lawyer son lives in Walthamstow and always flies from Heathrow.
- He gets there by Underground, with one cross-platform change at Finsbury Park.
- Crossrail won’t help the man on the Walthamstow Underground.
- In Manchester the taxi is quicker, but it isn’t in London.
These are my thoughts.
Mancunians Are More Impatient
Not my view, but the view of a Northern station guy, who has worked on Platforms 13 and 14 at Manchester Piccadilly and busy stations on the London Overground.
He thought that they were sometimes in such a hurry to get on a train, that the train is delayed.
He also said, if you ask Londoners to stand behind the yellow line, they do. Mancunians don’t!
Access To Northern And TransPennine Trains Is Bad
Consider.
- There is often a step up into the train in Manchester.
- Manchester Metrolink is generally step-free into the tram.
- Parts of London Underground/Overground are step-free.
- The new TransPennine trains have pathetic and slow end-door access.
The two train companies have bought fleets of trains that are not fit for purpose.
The Manchester Airport Rail Link Is At Full Capacity
Manchester Airport station, does not have the best rail line from the City Centre.
Wikipedia says this.
Any future additional services to the Airport are in doubt without further infrastructure works; unresolved issues surround the lack of new ‘through’ platforms at Manchester Piccadilly which have been shelved by the government and the Styal Line to Manchester Airport operating at full capacity with little resilience to absorb delays.
The Rochdale Online article blames the stations in Manchester, but the Styal Line is equally to blame.
The Long Term Solution Is High Speed Two
In the 2030s, High Speed Two will solve the problem by using a tunnel between Manchester Airport and the City Centre.
It will also do the following.
- Provide direct access between Manchester Airport and the Midlands, the South and London.
- Provide direct access to Liverpool and Warrington in the West.
- Provide direct access to Huddersfield, Bradford, Leeds, Hull and the North East, in the East.
- All services will probably be at least five trains per hour (tph).
But High Speed Two won’t provide a direct link to Richdale.
Passengers between Rochdale and Manchester Airport will still have to change in the City Centre.
Unless of course, some TransPennine services to Manchester Airport are discontinued, as they can be done by High Speed Two.
This would free up paths to add extra services to Manchester Airport.
An Interim Solution
Not only Rochdale, but other towns and cities across the North like Bradford moan about lack of a direct service to and from Manchester Airport.
So what would I do?
Ban Freight Trains Through The Castlefield Corridor
This may not be possible, but it should be a long term objective.
It will cost money, but it would release capacity through the Castlefield Corridor.
Ban Trains Without Level Access At Stations In The Castlefield Corridor
I know that Northern and TransPennine have just bought a load of new trains, but they make matters worse in the stations through the Castlefield Corridor.
All Trains To The Airport Must Be Eight Cars
This makes sense as it increases the capacity, but use the same number of paths.
- Eight-car Class 379 trains – Stansted Express – 160 metres and 418 passengers
- Five-car Class 802 trains – TransPennine Express – 130 metres and 342 passengers
- Eight-car Class 331 trains – Northern – 190 metres and 568 passengers
It does appear that the new trains are also setting new standards for train length.
ERTMS Signalling Should Be Installed Between Manchester Victoria And Manchester Airport
ERTMS signalling would give more flexibility on the route.
Create A Manchester Airport Express
This has been suggested and would have the following characteristics.
- Running between Manchester Airport and Manchester Victoria via Deansgate, Manchester Oxford Road and Manchester Piccadilly.
- Eight cars
- Airport-style interiors
- Step-free access at all stations.
- Four tph
- Running twenty-four hours a day.
- It would have step-free access to the Metrolink at Manchester Victoria, Deansgate and Manchester Piccadilly.
Ideally it would use dedicated platforms at Manchester Airport and Manchester Victoria. The platform at Victoria would hopefully have cross-platform interchange with services going through the station from East to West.
Reduce TransPennine Services To The Airport
TransPennine Express runs the following hourly services to the Airport
- Cleethorpes via a reverse at Manchester Piccadilly.
- Edinburgh or Glasgow via the Castlefield Corridor
- Middlesborough via the Castlefield Corridor
- Newcastle via the Castlefield Corridor
Why not cut-back either the Newcastle or Middlesborough service to Manchester Victoria and make sure it has good cross-platform access to the Manchester Airport Express?
These services are regularly cut-back anyway due to the congestion.
Demolish Manchester Oxford Road Station And Build A Station That’s Fit For Purpose
Manchester Oxford Road is one of ultimate design crimes on the UK Rail network.
- The new or refurbished station would be step-free.
- Platforms would be able to accept two hundred metre long trains.
- A well-designed bay platform would be provided to turn trains from the North efficiently.
- Up to four tph could probably be turned back.
Network Rail do station and track layout design generally very well and I’m sure that a redesigned Oxford Road station could improve capacity through the Castlefield Corridor.
Improve Deansgate And Manchester Piccadilly Stations
If longer trains are to be run through the Castlefield Corridor, then the platforms at these two stations will need lengthening and passenger access will need to be improved.
Is There A Place For Tram-Trains?
Manchester are keen on using tram-trains to improve the Metrolink network.
This map clipped from Wikipedia shows the layout of the Metrolink in the City Centre.
Note.
- Manchester Piccadilly, Deansgate and Manchester Victoria all have step-free connections to the trains to and from Manchester Airport.
- The new Trafford Line will branch off at Pomona.
I think it is likely, that any new lines run by tram-trains will pass through at least one of the connecting stations.
This will increase the list of places that will have good access with a single change to and from Manchester Airport.
Conclusion
There would appear to be a lot of scope to create a high-capacity link between Manchester and the Airport.
But it does appear that the current timetable leaves little or no room to expand the service.
That is why, I believe a simpler but higher capacity service, based on a Manchester Airport Express could be developed.
Pacers To Continue Into 2020, Operators Confirm
The title of this post is the same as that of this article on Railway Gazette.
This is the introductory paragraph.
Operators have confirmed that their Pacer diesel multiple-units will remain in service into early 2020, in spite of previous announcements that the unpopular four-wheeled vehicles dating from the 1980s would be withdrawn before enhanced PRM accessibility requirements come into force on January 1 2020.
The article then summarises the situation in the three operators running Pacers.
Northern
Some Pacers used by Northern will continue in service into 2020, because of late delivery of new Class 195 diesel trains and Class 331 electric trains.
They are also still awaiting delivery of eight Class 769 trains, which are very late into service.
Great Western
Great Western has said, that some Pacers will continue in service around Exeter.
No reason is given, but it does appear that because of non-delivery of electrification to Oxford and the late arrival of Crossrail, Great Western they still need Class 165 and Class 166 trains to work services for London commuters.
They are also still awaiting delivery of nineteen Class 769 trains.
Transport For Wales
Transport for Wales are in the same position as Great Western, in that the Class 769 trains, they ordered have still not been delivered.
The Operator Will Get The Blame!
Obviously, the operator will get the blame, but I would argue that all three have at least tried hard to avoid this crisis, as they knew the Pacers would have to be on their way to the scrapyard at the end of 2019.
- If CAF had delivered their trains for Northern on time, things would be much better in the North.
- If Porterbrook and their engineers had delivered the Class 769 trains on time, all three operators would be in a better position.
Hopefully, in a few months, the new trains will have been delivered and the Class 769 trains will have been created and in service.
A Selection Of Train Noses
I have put together a selection of pictures of train noses.
They are in order of introduction into service.
Class 43 Locomotive
The nose of a Class 43 locomotive was designed by Sir Kenneth Grange.
Various articles on the Internet, say that he thought British Rail’s original design was ugly and that he used the wind tunnel at Imperial College to produce one of the world’s most recognised train noses.
- He tipped the lab technician a fiver for help in using the tunnel
- Pilkington came had developed large armoured glass windows, which allowed the locomotives window for two crew.
- He suggested that British Rail removed the buffers. Did that improve the aerodynamics, with the chisel nose shown in the pictures?
The fiver must be one of the best spent, in the history of train design.
In How Much Power Is Needed To Run A Train At 125 mph?, I did a simple calculation using these assumptions.
- To cruise at 125 mph needs both engines running flat out producing 3,400 kW.
- Two locomotives and eight Mark 3 carriages are a ten-car InterCity 125 train.
This means that the train needs 2.83 kWh per vehicle mile.
Class 91 Locomotive
These pictures show the nose of a Class 91 locomotive.
Note, the Class 43 locomotive for comparison and that the Driving Van Trailers have an identical body shell.
It does seem to me, that looking closely at both locomotives and the driving van trailers, that the Class 43s look to have a smoother and more aerodynamic shape.
Class 800/801/802 Train
These pictures show the nose of a Class 800 train.
In How Much Power Is Needed To Run A Train At 125 mph?, I did a simple calculation to find out the energy consumption of a Class 801 train.
I have found this on this page on the RailUKForums web site.
A 130m Electric IEP Unit on a journey from Kings Cross to Newcastle under the conditions defined in Annex B shall consume no more than 4600kWh.
This is a Class 801 train.
- It has five cars.
- Kings Cross to Newcastle is 268.6 miles.
- Most of this journey will be at 125 mph.
- The trains have regenerative braking.
- I don’t know how many stops are included
This gives a usage figure of 3.42 kWh per vehicle mile.
It is a surprising answer, as it could be a higher energy consumption, than that of the InterCity 125.
I should say that I don’t fully trust my calculations, but I’m fairly sure that the energy use of both an Intercity 125 and a Class 801 train are in the region of 3 kWh per vehicle mile.
Class 717 Train
Aerodynamically, the Class 700, 707 and 717 trains have the same front.
But they do seem to be rather upright!
Class 710 Train
This group of pictures show a Class 710 train.
Could these Aventra trains have been designed around improved aerodynamics?
- They certainly have a more-raked windscreen than the Class 717 train.
- The cab may be narrower than the major part of the train.
- The headlights and windscreen seem to be fared into the cab, just as Colin Chapman and other car designers would have done.
- There seems to be sculpting of the side of the nose, to promote better laminar flow around the cab. Does this cut turbulence and the energy needed to power the train?
- Bombardier make aircraft and must have some good aerodynamicists and access to wind tunnels big enough for a large scale model of an Aventra cab.
If you get up close to the cab, as I did at Gospel Oak station, it seems to me that Bombardier have taken great care to create a cab, that is a compromise between efficient aerodynamics and good visibility for the driver.
Class 345 Train
These pictures shows the cab of a Class 345 train.
The two Aventras seem to be very similar.
Class 195 And Class 331 Trains
CAF’s Class 195 and Class 331 trains appear to have identical noses.
They seem to be more upright than the Aventras.
Class 755 Train
Class 755 trains are Stadler’s 100 mph bi-mode trains.
It is surprising how they seem to follow similar designs to Bombardier’s Aventras.
- The recessed windscreen.
- The large air intake at the front.
I can’t wait to get a picture of a Class 755 train alongside one of Greater Anglia’s new Class 720 trains, which are Aventras.