AA Unveils Hydrogen Fuel Cell Patrol Vehicle
The title of this post, is the same as that of this article on FleetNews.
This is the introductory paragraph.
The AA has revealed a hydrogen fuel cell roadside breakdown vehicle – the Hyundai NEXO – to target breakdown jobs in ultra-low emission zones.
Could we see other service companies switching to the Hyundai NEXO.
Hyundai’s Hydrogen Future
I found this video from Hyundai informative.
The video quotes the following about the hydrogen truck, that is shown in the video.
- It has a range of up to 248 miles
- Charging takes between 8 and 20 minutes
- If one of these trucks replaces a diesel truck, it cuts seventy tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions per year, based on 50,000 miles per year.
I know a lot is corporate speak, but I certainly think hyundai are right about hydrogen.
Hyundai Introduces New Brand To Represent Its Hydrogen Fuel-Cell Business
The title of this post is the same as that of this article on Creamer Media’s Engineering News.
The first paragraph says it all.
The Hyundai Motor Group has introduced HTWO as a new brand to represent the group’s hydrogen fuel-cell system.
It looks to be a good name, but I can’t find the web site.
Hyundai And Ineos To Co-operate On Driving Hydrogen Economy Forward
The title of this post, us the same as that of this article on Yahoo News.
This is the introductory paragraph.
Chemicals giant Ineos has announced a new agreement with Korean car firm Hyundai aimed at developing the production of hydrogen.
I find this an interesting tie-up between two large companies.
I first came across Hyundai, when they were working on large projects in Saudi Arabia in the early 1980s, where Artemis was being used for the project management.
From what it says in the article, the two companies are a good fit for the hydrogen market.
- Hyundai has the hydrogen fuel cell technology, that INEOS needs for its Land-Rover Defender-type vehicle.
- INEOS has the hydrogen production technology.
- INEOS produces 300,000 tonnes of hydrogen per year.
This deal could be a a small deal over technology or a large deal that could transform the manufacture and fuelling of hydrogen-powered transportation from small cars to large ships with trains, buses and trucks in between.
Hyundai’s Hydrogen Truck Wins Award
The title of this post, is the same as that of this article on H2 View.
This is the introductory paragraph.
Hyundai’s hydrogen-powered fuel cell heavy-duty truck HDC-6 Neptune has won a 2020 Future Mobility of the Year (FMOTY) award.
Perhaps only a small step in the grand scheme of decarbonisation, but hydrogen trucks are starting to be noticed.
Hyundai, Nikola And Toyota Start To Build The Hydrogen Highway
The title of this post, is the same as that of this article on Trucks.com.
It is a must-read article.
Tesla Has A Rival In New Hyundai Hydrogen-Powered Semi-Truck Concept
The title of this post, is the same as that of this article on designboom.
This is the introductory paragraph.
hyundai has revealed two new hydrogen-powered concepts – a fuel cell electric semi-truck and refrigerated trailer. both vehicles are part of the automaker’s fuel cell electric vehicle 2030 vision, which includes the widespread use of hydrogen-powered fuel cell technology in vehicles.
The concept looks to be aimed at large countries like Australia, Canda and the United States, but surely one scaled to the United Kingdom market, would be a very useful truck.
- It would be a very efficient motorway cruiser, with those aerodynamics..
- It would be zero-emission with no pollution, so could operate in cities.
- The cab could be designed to meet all present and future driver visibility regulations.
- It might not be liable for extra charges in cities like London.
- Would battery trucks have enough range?
These trucks will be seen on UK roads in the next few years, as I believe that there is no other way to decarbonise heavy road transport.
Eight-Wheeler Trucks
If I walk two hundred metres from my house to the Balls Pond Road or the Kingsland High Road, the most common truck, that I see is an eight-wheeler heavy truck, that is transporting building materials, cement and spoil to and from the myriad building sites around where I live.
The pictures show typical eight-wheeler trucks working during the installation of the subway at Hackney Wick station.
Note the space under the truck between the front and rear axles. Surely, those clever Koreans can fit all the hydrogen gubbins under and in the truck.
- Many of these trucks are in large fleets, which return to a depot, that is close to the city centre on a regular basis, so refuelling should be easy to arrange.
- These trucks would probably need less fuel per day, than a large artic.
- I doubt they would pay any access charges.
- As they would be pollution-free, zero-carbon and probably a lot quieter, would they be able to work near sensitive sites like hispitals, schools and transport hubs?
They could be a very good economic proposition in a large city of urban conurbation.
Other Trucks
I also believe that hydrogen would be a sensible fuel for several classes of other trucks.
- Four-wheel box vans.
- Refuse trucks
- Skip lorries
- Larger vans
Hydrogen buses already seem to be running successfully in several cities.
The Missing Hydrogen Vehicle
I have chatted with black cab drivers in London, about the use of hydrogen as a fuel for taxis. Black cabs are getting larger and I believe that hydrogen could be their ideal fuel.
Conclusion
I believe that hydrogen will play a big part in decarbonising transport in the next few years and especially in urban areas.
Cummins And Hyundai To Collaborate For Fuel Cell Technology
The title of this post is the same as that of this article on Yahoo.
This collaboration between two big beasts could be good for both companies.
But it is just another sign, that those involved in heavy transport like Rolls Royce MTU are planning for a zero-carbon future.
Many pf these companies are finally responding.
Hydrogen For Hydrogen-Powered Trains And Other Vehicles
I have received e-mails worrying about how hydrogen-powered trains and other vehicles, like buses and trucks, will get the fuel they need.
Production Of Hydrogen
There are two major methods of producing large quantities of hydrogen.
Steam Reforming Of Natural Gas
Steam reforming is used to convert natural gas into hydrogen by using high temperature and pressure steam in the presence of a nickel catalyst.
This section in Wikipedia is entitled Industrial Reforming, says this.
Steam reforming of natural gas is the most common method of producing commercial bulk hydrogen at about 95% of the world production of 500 billion m3 in 1998. Hydrogen is used in the industrial synthesis of ammonia and other chemicals. At high temperatures (700 – 1100 °C) and in the presence of a metal-based catalyst (nickel), steam reacts with methane to yield carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
It gives this chemical equation for the reaction.
CH4 + H2O ⇌ CO + 3 H2
I have two questions about steam reforming.
- How much fossil fuel energy is needed to create the high temperatures and pressures to make the process work?
- What happens to the carbon monoxide (CO)? Is it burnt to provide heat, thus producing more carbon dioxide (CO2)?
I therefor question the use of steam reforming to produce hydrogen for vehicles, especially, as a system might be required to be installed in a train, bus or freight depot.
The only time, where steam reforming could be used, is where an existing refinery producing large quantities of hydrogen by the process is close TO the point of use.
Electrolysis Of Water Or Brine
It is fifty years, since I worked in the chlorine-cell rooms of ICI’s Castner-Kellner chemical complex at Runcorn.
The process used was the Castner-Kellner Process and this is the first paragraph of the Wikipedia entry.
The Castner–Kellner process is a method of electrolysis on an aqueous alkali chloride solution (usually sodium chloride solution) to produce the corresponding alkali hydroxide, invented by American Hamilton Castner and Austrian Karl Kellner in the 1890s.
Brine from Cheshire’s extensive salt deposits is electrolysed using a graphite anode and a mercury cathode to produce chlorine, hydrogen, sodium hydroxide and sodium metal.
Large amounts of electricity are needed, but the biggest problem is the poisonous mercury used in the process.
My work incidentally concerned measuring the mercury in the air of the plant.
Since the 1960s, the technology has moved on, and ICI’s successor INEOS, still produces large quantities of chlorine at Runcorn using electrolysis.
More environmentally-friendly processes such as membrane cell electrolysis are now available, which produce chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.
In the 1960s, the production of chlorine and hydrogen was a 24/7 process and I would suspect that INEOS have a good deal to use electricity from wind and other sources in the middle of the night.
The Future Of Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a clean fuel, that when it burns to produce heat or is used in a fuel cell to produce electricity, only produces steam or water.
There is also a lot of research going into hydrogen fuel-cells, hydrogen storage and batteries, and some of this will lead to innovative use of hydrogen as a fuel.
As an example, there is a growing market for fuel-cell forklifts. The first one was built in 1960, so fifty years from idea to fulfilment seems about right.
How many other applications of hydrogen will be commonplace in ten years?
- City buses
- Local delivery vans for companies like Royal Mail and UPS.
- Taxis
- Refuse trucks
I also think, some surprising applications will emerge driven by the need to clean up the air in polluted cities.
Ideally, these applications will need a hydrogen filling station at the depot.
Modern electrolysis technologies should lead to the development of simple cells, for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.
Powered by renewable energy sources or nuclear, this technology could be used to create zero-carbon hydrogen at the point of use.
Diesel Or Hydrogen?
The diesel engine in a New Routemaster bus is a Cummins diesel with these characteristics.
- 4.5 litre
- 138 kW
- 400 Kg
So how much would a 150 kW fuel-cell weigh?
A Ballard FCveloCity-HD, which is capable of producing 100 kW, weighs around 300 Kg.
I feel that as hydrogen and battery technology improves, that more and more city vehicles will be hydrogen-powered.
Hyundai Launch A Hydrogen-Powered Truck
This page on the Hyundai web site is entitled Hyundai Motor Presents First Look At Truck With Fuel Cell Powertrain.
It will be launched this year and looks impressive. Other articles say they have tied up with a Swiss fuel-cell manufacturer called H2 Power and aim to sell a thousand hydrogen-powered trucks in Switzerland.
The Anonymous Widower 